美国移民局(USCIS)近日发布公告，正式公布了外籍人士登记的新要求，并在其官网上说明了相关流程和所需表格。这一政策是基于美国总统特朗普在今年1月20日签署的行政命令，要求国土安全部确保外籍公民履行《移民和国籍法》规定的登记义务。不遵守规定的个人可能面临民事和刑事处罚。随后，相关的临时最终法规(Interim Final Regulation, IFR)也在联邦公报中正式发布，进一步明确了具体的实施细节。下面截图来自美国移民局官网

一、无需进行登记的外籍人士

根据移民局所公布的细则，入境美国以及在美国居留的外籍人士，将面临更严格的身份管理。对于多数外籍人士而言，在进行非移民签证或移民申请时，均完成了指纹采集等身份信息录入工作，无需再重复提交登记。这类人群包括：

1、绿卡、EAD工卡持有人；

2、提交了I-485、I-687、I-691、I-698、I-700永久居民身份申请并录入指纹的外籍人士，即便在申请被拒的情况下；

3、持有效I-94或I-94W入境记录的国际旅客，即使入境期限已过；

4、在抵达美国前已获得移民或非移民签证的外籍人士；

5、假释进入美国的外籍人士，即使假释期限已过；

6、被DHS列入递解程序的外籍人士；

7、发放了边境通行卡的外籍人士。

How to Determine if You are Already Registered

Who is already registered?

Anyone who has been issued one of the documents designated as evidence of registration under 8 CFR

264.1(b) has already registered. Also, anyone who submitted one of the forms designated at 8 CFR 264.1(a)

and provided fingerprints (unless waived) and was not issued one of the pieces of evidence designated at 8

CFR 264.1(b), has complied with the registration requirement of INA 262. Aliens who have already registered

include:

.Lawful permanent residents;

· Aliens paroled into the United States under INA 212(d) (5), even if the period of parole has expired;

.Aliens admitted to the United States as nonimmigrants who were issued Form 1-94 or 1-94W (paper or

electronic), even if the period of admission has expired;

●All aliens present in the United States who were issued immigrant or nonimmigrant visas before their

last date of arrival;

● Aliens whom DHS has placed into removal proceedings;

● Aliens issued an employment authorization document;

. Aliens who have applied for lawful permanent residence using Forms l-485, 1-687, 1-691,1-698, 1-700,

and provided fingerprints (unless waived), even if the applications were denied; and

·Aliens issued Border Crossing Cards.

二、需要进行登记的外籍人士

除上述群体之外，所有年满14岁，在申请美国签证时未进行指纹识别或登记，且计划在美国停留30天以上，都必须按要求完成登记；未满14岁的孩童的父母和监护人，须确保为外籍孩童完成登记；此外，在年满14岁后的30天内，此前进行登记过的外籍孩童，必须重新完成登记流程。

符合以上情境，目前需要按规定完成登记的群体包括未经合规检查、通过非法途径入境美国的外籍人士，从陆路入境美国且未获得登记证明的加拿大访客，以及向USCIS提交了一项或多项未列入8 CFR 264.1(a)的申请（包括延期执行申请或临时保护身份申请），且未获得登记证明外籍人士。

Who is not registered?

Anyone who has not applied to the Department of State for a visa, been issued one of the documents

designated as evidence of registration under 8 CFR 264.1(b), or has not submitted one of the forms

designated at 8 CFR 264.1(a) and provided fingerprints (unless waived) is not registered. Aliens who have

not registered include:

·Aliens present in the United States without inspection and admission or inspection and parole who

have not otherwise registered (that is, aliens who crossed the border illegally);

.Canadian visitors who entered the United States at land ports of entry and were not issued evidence of

registration; and

● Aliens who submitted one or more benefit requests to USCIS not listed in 8 CFR 264.1(a), including

applications for deferred action or Temporary Protected Status who were not issued evidence of

registration listed in 8 CFR 264.1(b).

移民局官网信息显示，需要登记的外籍人士，应前往美国移民局创建一个在线账户，在线完成G-325R表格的填写并提交。移民局将对表格进行审核，并要求部分群体完成指纹采集。外籍人士在完成登记流程之后，DHS会向其发放登记证明，年满18岁的外籍人士必须随身携带并妥善保管。

How to Register

Step 1: Create a USCIS Online Account

To register, you must first create a USCIS online account. See our How to Create a USCIS Online Account

page for more information.

Each alien submitting Form G-325R must have their own individual USCIS online account. This includes

aliens under the age of 14. If you are the parent or legal guardian of an alien under the age of 14 who needs

to register, you will need to set up an individual USCIS online account on your child's behalf and in their

name.

Step 2: Submit Form G-325R

Once you create your or your child's (if you are the parent or legal guardian of an alien under 14 years of age)

USCIS online account, fill out an electronic version of the Form G-325R,Biographic Information

(Registration). Form G-325R must be filed online through a USCIS online account. It cannot be filed by mail

or in person.

Each alien who needs to register must submit Form G-325R from the alien's individual USCIS online

account. Form G-325R can only be submitted by the named owner of the USCIS online account. If you are

the parent or legal guardian of an alien under the age of 14 who needs 

to register, you will need to submit

Form G-325R on the alien's behalf through their individual USCISonline account.

As you fill out Form G-325R, please carefully consider whether you have already registered. For example, if

you have an Arrival-Departure Record number to provide in response to the question “What is your Form l-

94 Arrival-Departure Record Number,"then DHS already issued you evidence of registration. Anyone issued

Form 1-94 or 1-94W upon their admission or parole to the United States is already registered. Only aliens who

were previously registered but were not previously fingerprinted and who attained their 14th birthday in the

United States should submit Form G-325R within 30 days of attaining their 14th birthday.

另外，根据联邦公报的说明，依据《移民和国籍法》第8编第1306(a)条（8 U.S.C. 1306(a)），外籍人士若故意未履行登记或按指纹的义务，可能面临最高5,000美元的罚款，或最长6个月的监禁，或两者并罚。此外，DHS目前正在就一项拟议费用征求公众意见，是否将30美元的生物识别服务费作为某些项目的独立费用来收取。该费用基于USCIS测算的指纹采集、存储及使用等成本约29.50美元，并按惯例四舍五入至30美元。

An alien's willful failure or refusal to apply to register or to be fingerprinted is punishable by a fine of up

to $5,000 or imprisonment for up to six months, or both.8 U.S.C. 1306(a).[1] The same applies to an

alien's parent or legal guardian's willful failure or refusal to register. ld. Any alien or any parent or legal

guardian of an alien who files a registration application “containing statements known by him to be

false, or who procures or attempts to procure registration of himself or through another person by fraud"

is subject to criminal prosecution.8 U.S.C.1306(c); see, e.g.,18 U.S.C. 1001,1546. A conviction for

fraudulent registration constitutes a ground of deportability under 8 U.S.C. 1227(a)(3)(B)(i).

此次外籍人士登记制度的启动，是特朗普政府强化国家安全审查，打击非法移民的举措之一。我们建议所有计划前往美国和在美国境内的外籍人士，对所持签证类型、合法停留期限及指纹录入记录做好自查，并保管好I-94、EAD卡以及移民申请回执函等文件，避免因信息的缺漏，造成身份合规风险。